Question

explain the major differences between the Virginia plan and the new jersey plan.On May 29, 1787 the Virginia Plan was proposed which called for a new government with three separate branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The legislature- Congress- would be bicameral. Representation in each house was to be based on either each State’s population or on the amount of money it gave for support of the Federal Government. The members of the lower house, the House of Representatives, were to be popularly elected in each state. The upper house, the Senate, were to be chosen by the House from lists of persons nominated by state legislatures. Congress was to be given all of the powers it held under the Articles. It would also have the power “to legislate in all cases to which the separate States are incompetent” to act, to veto any State law in conflict with national law, and to use force if necessary to make a state obey national law. The judiciary would consist of one or more supreme courts of lower levels of courts. Congress would choose a “National Executive” and “National Judiciary” and together they could veto acts passed by congress but their veto could be overridden by the two houses. State officers were too take an oath to support the Union, and that each State be guaranteed a republican form of government. Congress would have the exclusive power to admit new States to the Union. This plan would also create a new constitution by thoroughly revising the Articles of Confederation It’s goal was to create a strong national government The support for this plan came from the three most populous states: Vrginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts. The smaller states of Delaware, Maryland, and New Jersey found it too radical and developed their own counter proposal. On June 15, William Paterson of New Jersey present the position of the smaller states. The New Jersey Plan retained the unicameral Congress of the Confederation, with each of the States equally represented. In addition to those powers Congress already had, the plan would add closely limited powers to tax and to regulate trade between States. This plan also called for a “federal executive” of more than one person. This plural executive would be chosen by Congress and could be removed by it at the request of a majority of the States’ governors. The Federal Judiciary would be composed of a single “supreme Tribunal,” appointed by the executive.

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