Question

explain the meaning of biotechnology and its impact on agricultural management with suitable example​

Answer 1

Biotechnology is broadly defined as the application of knowledge in the life sciences to create products or services that are beneficial to humans. Biotechnology is used in a variety of industries, from enhancing the quality and efficiency of food production to producing new medicines to and vaccines.

Today, the majority of biotechnology research dollars funds the development of products that directly improve human health—vaccines, drugs, biologics, diagnostic tests, medical devices, laboratory services, and many others. But biotechnology also drives much innovation in the agricultural sciences. For example, scientists use biotechnology as a tool to develop crops that are resistant to pests and diseases, to derive biofuels from various feedstocks, and produce enzymes that improve animal feed efficiency. We will focus this blog post on biotechnology and its applications in enzyme development and production.

 

Maximizing animal nutrition

Animal feed contains many ingredients that are poorly digested by livestock, such as phytate phosphorous and non-starch polysaccharides (e.g., fiber). Some, like soybean meal, also contain anti-nutritional factors that interfere with the absorption of protein. As we have described in a previous blog post, producers use enzyme feed additives to remove anti-nutrients, increase the digestibility of nutrients and fiber, and supplement the enzymes that animals already produce.

Enzymes catalyze biochemical processes that convert nutrients into energy and new tissue. They work by converting a specific set of reactants—or substrates—into specific products (e.g. amino acids and sugars) that fuel an animal’s growth. For example, the enzyme phytase breaks down phytate so that more phosphorous can be absorbed by the animal, thereby lowering the amount of exogenous phosphorus supplementation required and decreasing phosphorus release into the environment.

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