Question

Explain the meaning of Pragmatistic education propounded by John

Dewey with examples.​

Answer 1

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Answer 2

John Dewey was a major proponent of a US school of thought called pragmatism, which opposed modern-day dualistic epistemology & metaphysics for a naturalistic approach which regarded knowledge as a result of the active adaptation of the humans to its environment.

Pragmatism in today's world has tremendously impacted education. It's a realistic and useful theory. It allows both teaching and learning based on activity. It is an activity that revolves around an educational process. It makes learning meaningful and instils in education a sense of reality. Schools are turned into classrooms and labs. It gives education an experimental aspect. Pragmatism gives the individual hope, enthusiasm and activity. It offers him autonomy. By his own behaviours, the child establishes values

Explanation:

• John Dewey is probably best known for his part in what is known as progressive education. Progressive education is mainly an intellectual approach, and stresses the desire to "learn by doing". Dewey believed that people learned by "hands-on" means. It places Dewey with a pragmatic educational philosophy.
• The only purpose of education is to allow the child to establish values in his or her life, according to pragmatism. The children should be educated so that they can be effective in solving their existing problems and adapting to their social environment. They must be creative & effective society members. Their "outlook" should be so "dynamic" that they can change with the "changing situations".
• Pragmatics believe reality has to be experienced. In the educational sense, this means that students need to communicate in order to relate and learn about their surroundings. For teachers Dewey thought the same principle existed and that teachers and students needed to work together. His vision of the classroom was profoundly rooted in democratic values, encouraging equal participation for all students.
• Dewey's pragmatic & democratic approach to schooling today might not be so radical today, however his theories on education challenged most of the then-existing education structure in the early to mid-1900s. The attitude of Dewey was truly child-centered. A child-centered curriculum approach focuses learning about the children's needs and desires. Dewey suggests that children should be able to discover their environments.
• He believed in an interdisciplinary curriculum or curriculum focused on numerous subjects, where students can move freely into and out of classrooms in the pursuit of their interests and develop their own ways of knowledge acquisition. The teacher's function in this setting will be to be a facilitator rather than an educator. The instructor will, in Dewey 's opinion, take into account the students ' needs, observe the paths they take instinctively, and then behave as someone who helps improve problem solving.  He should teach “his pupils to think and act for themselves to do rather than to know, to originate rather than to repeat.
• The principle of philosophy of pragmatic method of teaching is practical utility. In this process, the child is the key figure.  Learning from personal experiences is the core of the pragmatic process. The child should know how to tackle realistic challenges and real life scenarios effectively.  Pragmatic method is thus a problem-solving method. 
• One can watch a instructor provide context material in a classroom which is based on John Dewey 's theories. Additionally, you may watch students interact together, with certain classes exploring different topics within the content. There would be a lot of conversation and a lot of effort. You can also look at student assignments, nevertheless you may also see presentations, student projects, or other differentiated methods of evaluation.
• Curriculum represents educational objectives. Only a realistic currículum may represent the realistic objectives. The curriculum should be based on some fundamental principles. There are utility, interest, knowledge & integration. When deciding on curriculum concerns, the child's personality should be taken into account in his or her tendencies, interests, impulses at different stages of development and numerous daily activities.
• Pragmatism does not believe in external constraint and discipline imposed by teacher's superior authority & "award of punishment". It promotes discipline focused on child activity and interests values. It supports social & mutual understanding for discipline.  It believes in engaging the children in free and purposeful real activities of human life.

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