Explain the meaning of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Give two examples of STDs each, caused due to (i) bacterial infection and (ii) viral infection. State in brief how the spread of such diseases may be prevented.
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Sexually transmitted diseases
Explanation:
STDs are sexually transmitted diseases, that are infections commonly spread by sexual activity like vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex. Initially, STDs may not cause symptoms, which results in a greater risk of spreading the disease to others. Symptoms and signs of STD may include vaginal/penile discharge, genital ulcers and pelvic pain.
Bacterial STDs are spread by bacteria. Example: Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.
Viral STDs are caused by virus. Example: Genital herpes, HIV/AIDS, and genital warts.
The most effective way of preventing STDs is by practising safe sex. There are also vaccinations available to prevent some infections like hepatitis B and HPV.
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