Question

explain the measure to conserve the soil 10th class​

Answer 1

Answer:

Methods of soil conservation:

1. Contour ploughing: Ploughing along the contour lines can check the flow of water down the slopes. It is called contour ploughing. It can be practised on the hills.
2. Terrace cultivation: Steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces. It restricts soil erosion. It is practiced in western and central Himalayas.
3. Strip cropping: Large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of wind. This method is called strip cropping.
4. Planting of shelter belts: Planting lines of trees to create shelter also checks the soil erosion. Rows of such trees are called Shelter Belts. These shelter belts have contributed significantly to the stabilisation of sand dunes and in stabilising the desert in western India.

Answer 2

answer:Soil and Water Conservation Measures

Types of soil and water conservation measures

Image Credit: after Heathcote 1998; Krüger et al. 1997

Purpose of Soil and Water Conservation Measures

Soil and water conservation measures are predominantly applied for the following purposes:

to control runoff and thus prevent loss of soil by soil erosion, to reduce soil compaction;

to maintain or to improve soil fertility;

to conserve or drain water;

to harvest (excess) water (Tidemann 1996).

Classification of Soil and Water Conservation Measures

A variety of soil and water conservation measures are well known. These technologies can be differentiated either by their main purpose or by type. As many among them fulfil several functions simultaneously these are classified here by type (see figure):

physical measures (also termed mechanical or technical measures);

biological measures (also termed vegetative measures);

agronomic measures (sometimes called best management practices) (Krüger et al. 1997).

Application of Soil and Water Conservation Measures

These measures are often used in combination, especially the many traditional soil and water conservation techniques. This is increasingly considered as reasonable. Merely technical approaches are often not successful, especially without participation of the local farmers, forest managers, etc. (Bollom 1993). It has also been recognised that under modern circumstances traditional measures alone may often be insufficient to conserve the vital soil and water resources and have to be supplemented by modern practices to achieve a sustainable resource management (Förch and Schütt 2004 a, b).

More information about soil and water conservation measures are presented on the Website of WOCAT (World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies).

The next pages will give you a short overview of the three types of soil and water conservation measures. Physical measures will be explained first of all.