Explain the mechanism of electrophillic substitution reactions in benzene.
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Electrophilic substitution of benzene is the one where an electrophile substitutes the hydrogen atom of benzene. As the aromaticity of benzene is not disturbed in the reaction, these reactions are highly spontaneous in nature. Basic examples of electrophilic substitution reaction of benzene are nitration, sulfonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation, etc.
The Mechanism for Electrophilic Substitution of Benzene
An electrophilic substitution reaction generally involves three steps:
1. Generation of electrophile: Due to the presence of Lewis acid, generation of electrophile takes place. As the Lewis acid accepts the electron pair from the attacking reagent.
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