Explain the mechanism of gaseous exchange in aquiet animal (fish).
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Fish exchange gases by pulling oxygen-rich water through their mouths and pumping it over their gills. In some fish, capillary blood flows in the opposite direction to the water, causing counter-current exchange. The gills push the oxygen-poor water out through openings in the sides of the pharynx.
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Fish and many other aquatic organisms have evolved gills to take up the dissolved oxygen from water. Gills are thin tissue filaments that are highly branched and folded. When water passes over the gills, the dissolved oxygen in the water rapidly diffuses across the gills into the bloodstream.
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