Question

Explain the Mechanism of Photosynthesis in Detail.​

Answer 1

Answer:

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The mechanism of photosynthesis is an oxidation - reduction reaction. In this process light energy is trapped by chloroplasts and the atmospheric carbon dioxide is fixed as carbon source and undergo many cycles called kerbs cycle and produce sugars as end products along with evolution of oxygen.

Answer 2

Answer:

⠀⠀⠀Mechanism of Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is formation of organic food from CO₂ and H₂O with the help of sunlight inside chlorophyll containing cell. Oxygen is produced as by Product.

$\sf 6CO_2+12H_2O\:\underset{Sunlight}{\xrightarrow{Chlorophyll}}\:C_6H_{12}O_6+6O_2+6H_2O$

O₂ comes from water, Hydrogen of water is used to reduce CO₂ to form carbohydrate.

$\sf 2H_2O\:\underset{Sunlight}{\xrightarrow{Chlorophyll}}\:2H_2+O_2$

$\sf CO_2+2H_2\:{\xrightarrow{Energy}}\:CH_2O{\tiny(Carbohydrate)}+H_2O$

$\underline{\bigstar\:\textbf{Photosynthesis occurs in two steps :}}$

1. Photo Chemical

2. Bio Chemical

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$\underline{\textit{1. \textsf{Photo Chemical (Light or Heat Reaction) :}}}$

The reaction of this phase are driven by light energy. They are of two types :

A ) Photolysis of Water —

Light energy splits water into its components $\sf Mn^{2+}, Cl^{-}, Ca^{2+}$ are required for this.

$\sf 2H_2O\:\underset{Mn^{2+}, Cl^{-}, Ca^{2+}}{\xrightarrow{\qquad Light \qquad}}\:O_2+4H^++4e^-$

B ) Assimilatory Power —

Light energy absorb chlorophyll molecules and is used as its components. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) & NADPH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate)

$\sf ADP + Pi + Energy\:\longrightarrow\:ATP$

$\sf NADPH^++2e^-+2H^+\:\longrightarrow\:NADPH^++H(NADPH_2)$

⠀⠀⠀Both ATP and NADPH together form Assimilatory Power.

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$\underline{\textit{2. \textsf{Bio Chemical (Dark or Blackman reaction) :}}}$

A chemical reaction, which can take place even in the abseyof light is called dark reaction.

⠀⠀⠀⠀Carbon - di - oxide combine with Ribulose Bi - phosphate in the presence of enzyme Ribulose Bi - phosphate carboxylose or rubisco. It produce two molecules of PGA (Phosphoglyceric Acid )

$\sf CO_2+RuBP\:{\xrightarrow{Rubisco}}\:2PGA$

In the presence of ATP, TGA is reduced by NADPH₂ to form GAP (Glyceraldehyde Phosphate)

$\sf PGA+ATP+NADPH_2\:\longrightarrow\:GAP+NADPH+Pi+ADP$