explain the mechanisms of the cleaning action of soap
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Answer:
Cleaning action of soaps: The dirt (oil and grease) present on clothes is organic in nature, and insoluble in water. ... Then, the molecules of soap arrange themselves in micelle formation and trap the dirt at the centre of the cluster. These micelles remain suspended in water like particles in a colloidal solution.
Soap is a long chain of carbocylic acid (fatty acid)
which contains two ends; hydrophillic (that dissolves in hydrocarbon) and hydrophobic(that dissolves in water). The hydrophobic tails keeps the oil dirt (hydrocarbon) portion out of the water, forming cluster of molecules which doesn't dissolve in water. This dirt forms an insoluble precipitate because of ion-ion repulsion and is easily rinsed away. This lead to the formation of micelle.
Generally, soaps are used to cleans oily surface but it's efficiency decreases in hard water. They are biodegradable substances.
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