explain the nature and working of parliamentary system of government
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Modern democratic govts are classified into Parliamentary and Presidential on the basis of the nature of the relations between the Executive and Legislative organs of the Govt.
1. In the Parliamentary System, Executive is responsible to the legislature for its policies and acts. e.g., in India, Council of Minister representing Govt of India is responsible to the House of the People i.e. Lok Sabha.
In the Presidential system, Executive is constitutionally independent of the Legislature and is not responsible to later for its policies and acts.
2. Parliamentary govt is also typically called Cabinet Govt or Westminster Model of Govt. e.g. Govts of India, UK, Japan, etc.
Presidential system is called non-responsible or fixed executive system of govt. e.g. Govts of USA, Brazil, etc.
3. In the parliamentary system of Govt The Head of the State and the Head of the Govt are two different posts. In India. Head of the state is President while the Head of the Govt is Prime Minister. In the presidential System of Govt, Head of the state and Head of the Govt are same and that is President like in USA.
4. In the parliamentary system of Govt, Collective responsibility principle prevails i.e. Cabinet acts as a team and swim and sink together and cabinet is responsible to Lok Sabha. In the Presidential System, there is no such principle of collective responsibility. Even the individual ministers are responsible to the President and remain on their post during the pleasure of the President.
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1. In the Parliamentary System, Executive is responsible to the legislature for its policies and acts. e.g., in India, Council of Minister representing Govt of India is responsible to the House of the People i.e. Lok Sabha.
In the Presidential system, Executive is constitutionally independent of the Legislature and is not responsible to later for its policies and acts.
2. Parliamentary govt is also typically called Cabinet Govt or Westminster Model of Govt. e.g. Govts of India, UK, Japan, etc.
Presidential system is called non-responsible or fixed executive system of govt. e.g. Govts of USA, Brazil, etc.
3. In the parliamentary system of Govt The Head of the State and the Head of the Govt are two different posts. In India. Head of the state is President while the Head of the Govt is Prime Minister. In the presidential System of Govt, Head of the state and Head of the Govt are same and that is President like in USA.
4. In the parliamentary system of Govt, Collective responsibility principle prevails i.e. Cabinet acts as a team and swim and sink together and cabinet is responsible to Lok Sabha. In the Presidential System, there is no such principle of collective responsibility. Even the individual ministers are responsible to the President and remain on their post during the pleasure of the President.
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1) Existence of a titular or constitutional ruler.
2) Absence of separation of powers.
3) Main role of lower houses in ministry formation .
4) Responsibility of the legislature
5) collective responsibility
6) Leadership of prime minister
7) Existence of a strong opposition
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2) Absence of separation of powers.
3) Main role of lower houses in ministry formation .
4) Responsibility of the legislature
5) collective responsibility
6) Leadership of prime minister
7) Existence of a strong opposition
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