Question

Explain the nature of basic acid as a lewis acid in water

Answer 1

In 1923 G. N. Lewis suggested another way of looking at the reaction between H+ and OH- ions. In the Brnsted model, the OH- ion is the active species in this reaction  it accepts an H+ ion to form a covalent bond. In the Lewis model, the H+ ion is the active speciesit accepts a pair of electrons from the OH- ion to form a covalent bond.

diagram

In the Lewis theory of acid-base reactions, bases donate pairs of electrons and acids accept pairs of electrons. A Lewis acid is therefore any substance, such as the H+ ion, that can accept a pair of nonbonding electrons. In other words, a Lewis acid is an electron-pair acceptor. A Lewis base is any substance, such as the OH- ion, that can donate a pair of nonbonding electrons. A Lewis base is therefore an electron-pair donor.

One advantage of the Lewis theory is the way it complements the model of oxidation-reduction reactions. Oxidation-reduction reactions involve a transfer of electrons from one atom to another, with a net change in the oxidation number of one or more atoms.

chemical equation Al3+(aq) + 6 H2O(l) <-----> Al(H2O)63+(aq)

Answer 2

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• Boric acid is a weak monobasic acid and acts as a Lewis acid by accepting electrons from a hydroxyl ion.