Explain the non cooperation movement in towns and cities. Give its effects also.
Answers
Non-Cooperation Movement was the movement in which Indian peoples refuses to cooperate with British. In cities and towns, this movement was started by middle class families. Thousands of students left school and colleges, principals and teachers resigned, lawyers gave up their legal practices. The council elections we're boycotted in most provinces except Madras, where the non - brahmans party, felt that entering the council was one way of gaining some powers.
But this movement in towns and cities gradually slowed down because for the movement successful, Indian institutions had to be set up, so that they could be used in place of British ones. So students, teachers and lawyers join back the work.
1. Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed and foreign cloths burnt in huge bonfires.
2. The import of foreign cloths halved between 1921 - 1922, its value start dropping down.
3. Production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.
The movement was launched with participation of middle class in cities . The participation was in following ways :-
▶Students left schools and colleges .
▶Headmasters and teachers resigned from their jobs .
▶Lawyers gave up their practices .
▶The provinces boycott Council Elections only Justice Party (Anti - Brahmins) in Madras participated .
▶People boycotted foreign goods.
▶Liquor shops were picketed.
Followings were the main effects of Non-Cooperation Movement:-
▶Export of foreign clothes halved between 1921 to 1922 .
▶Value of imported clothes dropped from 102 crores to 57 crores
▶Merchants and traders refuse to trade in foreign goods .
▶Merchants and traders refused to finance foreign trade .
▶Production of textile mills and handlooms went up .