explain the opinion of voigotski.
Answers
Explanation:
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory asserts that learning is an essentially social process in which the support of parents, caregivers, peers and the wider society and culture plays a crucial role in the development of higher psychological functions
Explanation:
Vygotsky gave a good answer himself regarding the advantages of his approach relative to theories that assume that a child cannot work beyond a given developmental level and theories that focus on learning alone. Developmental stage theories that assume that a child cannot do anything "over" their current "level" of development presuppose limitations that may not exist in practice--with the right support. Learning theories that view development as simply more "learning" tend to have no way of explaining "development," which involves a change in the way learning in some area is occurring. Vygotsky's approach allows a teacher or tutor to find the ZPD, the "zone" in which a child (or other tutee) can perform successfully with appropriate assistance (like the higher level tennis game you can play with a consistent partner). Hence it is more positive or constructive than simply saying "You're not ready for that yet." It also allows one to understand how a student can understand new relationships (changing the task definition for "learning") that they did not understand previously, by participating in them with someone else. For example, I taught my daughter what "leader" and "follower" meant by enacting it together as one of us led and the other followed in the playground, and then reversed ourselves.
Some possible disadvantages (depending on how Vygotsky is interpreted and on one's purposes or values) are: The approach is rather tutor-centered, even though cooperative. It might also be seen as rather school-centered in its emphasis on eventually learning "scientific" concepts (analogous to learning formal reasoning in the Piagetian scheme). The approach may also leave less room for hermeneutic ambiguity and novel interpretations (See a kind of reworking of it in Newman, Griffin and Cole's, The Construction Zone). In general, however, it seems an important advance--as others have pointed out--on trait psychology and an emphasis on inner causes.