Explain the orientation effect of -cl in chlorobenzene using the electronic interpretation
Answers
The I-effect of chlorine removes electrons from the Benzene ring. It, therefore, tends to undermine the central carbocation formed during the Electrophilic transition. In contrast, Cl donates a single pair of electrons to the perfumed ring and thus increases the density of electrons in the Ortho and para regions. So one pair of electrons in the chlorine atom concentrates medium carbocation for sound.
As -The effect of Chlorine is stronger than its effect + R which is why Cl causes the network to shut down. Also as the Resonance effect contradicts the inductive effect, it makes the closure less likely in Ortho and para positions.
Thus in Chlorobenzene, regeneration is controlled by a strong effect -I while in the direction of the input group is controlled by a weak resonance effect.