explain the parts of androecium with diagram
Answers
Answer:
An androecium is the third whorl of most flowers. It is made up of male reproductive units called stamens. A stamen has a long stalk called a filament. At the top of the filament is a cluster of microsporangia called the anther.
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Answer:
Androecium in Plants: Component # 1. Stamen:
Male reproductive organ of the flower, consisting of a stalk – like filament, anther lobes and connective (Fig. 84).
Androecium in Plants: Component # 2. Monandrous:
Flowers with one stamen, e.g., Euphorbia.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 3. Diandrous:
Flowers with two stamens, e.g., Coronopus.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
Androecium in Plants: Component # 4. Triandrous:
Flowers with three stamen, e.g., Triticum.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 5. Tetrandrous:
Flowers with four stamens, e.g., Scoparia.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 6. Polyandrous:
When stamens are many and free, e.g., Corchorus.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 7. Monadelphous:
When all the filaments are fused to form a single tube but their anthers are free, e.g., Hibiscus (Fig. 84).
Androecium in Plants: Component # 8. Diadelphous:
ADVERTISEMENTS:
When filaments are united in two groups with their anthers being free, e.g., Lathyrus (Fig. 84).
Androecium in Plants: Component # 9. Polyadelphous:
When filaments are united in many groups with their anthers remaining free, e.g., Ricinus, Citrus, etc.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 10. Syngenesious:
ADVERTISEMENTS:
When all anthers are united in one group with their filaments free, e.g., Asteraceae (Fig. 84).
Androecium in Plants: Component # 11. Synandrous:
When all anthers as well as filaments are united and form one group, e.g., members of Cucurbitaceae.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 12. Antipetalous:
ADVERTISEMENTS:
Stamens opposite to the petals, e.g., Coriandrum.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 13. Antiphyllous:
Stamens opposite to the tepals, e.g., Chenopodium.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 14. Alternipetalous:
ADVERTISEMENTS:
When stamens are present alternately with the petals.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 15. Epipetalous:
When stamens are attached with the petals, e.g.. Petunia.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 16. Episepalous:
When stamens are fused with the sepals, e.g., some species of Verbena in which petals are absent.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 17. Epiphyllous:
When stamens are fused with the tepals, e.g., Asparagus.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 18. Gynandrous:
When stamens are united with gynoecium, e.g., Cryptostegia, Calotropis.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 19. Didynamous:
When two stamens out of a total of four are large and remaining two are smaller in size, e.g., Leucas, Ocimum (Fig. 84).
Androecium in Plants: Component # 20. Tetradynamous:
When four stamens out of a total of six are large and remaining two are smaller in size, e.g., members of Cruciferae.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 21. Obdiplostamenous:
When stamens are arranged in two whorls, with its outer whorl of stamens being opposite to petals, e.g., members of Rutaceae.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 22. Basifixed:
Filaments attached to the base of anther lobes, e.g., Raphanus sativus.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 23. Dorsifixed:
When filament is attached to the connective at one point on the dorsal side of anther lobes, e.g., Passiflora (Fig. 85).

Androecium in Plants: Component # 24. Adnate:
When filament runs throughout the entire length of the anther from the base to the top, e.g., Magnolia.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 25. Versatile:
When the filament is attached on the dorsal side in the middle of the anther lobe in such a way so that the latter may move to and fro, e.g., Pancratium.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 26. Introrse:
When dehiscence occurs on the inner (adaxial) side of the flower, e.g., members of Leguminosae.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 27. Extrorse:
When the dehiscence occurs on the abaxial side of the flower, e.g., members of Papaveraceae.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 28. Laterose:
When the dehiscence occurs on the lateral side, e.g., members of Butomaceae.
Androecium in Plants: Component # 29. Staminode:
Sterilie stamens with reduced anther lobes which do not bear pollen grains, e.g., Veronica.
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