Question

Explain the parts of excretory system in man and their function.​

Answer 1

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The human excretory system comprises of the following structures: two bean-shaped kidneys, two ureters, one urinary bladder, and one urethra.

Kidneys are the main organ of the human excretory system. The kidneys are paired organs and are located one on each side of the spine at the level of the liver. They are divided into three regions- the renal cortex which is the outer layer, the renal medulla which is the inner layer and the renal pelvis which is responsible for carrying the urine from the kidney to the ureter. The functional unit of a kidney is called the nephron.

There is one ureter that comes out of each kidney as an extension of the renal pelvis. The ureter is a thin muscular tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

The bladder receives urine from the ureters, one from each kidney. It is a sac-like structure that is lined with smooth muscle layer and is responsible for storage of urine till it is expelled from the body by micturition (urination).

Answer 2

The excretory system is the system of an organism's body that performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes.

The Excretory system is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by homeostasis.

There are several parts of the body that are involved in this process, such as sweat glands, the liver, the lungs and the kidney system.

Every human has two kidneys.

Each kidney is made up of three sections: the renal cortex, the renal medulla and the renal pelvis.

The blood arrives at the kidney via the renal artery, which splits into many afferent arterioles.

These arterioles go to the Bowman's Capsules of nephrons, where the wastes are taken out of the blood by pressure filtration.

Peritubular capillaries also surround the nephron so substances can be taken in and out of the blood.

The renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney and the medulla is the inner layer of the kidney.

The renal pelvis takes urine away from the kidney via the ureter.

Both of the ureters lead the urine into the body's only urinary bladder, which expands and sends nerve impulses when full.

From there, urine is expelled through the urethra and out of the body.