Explain the pattern of land utilisation in the year 1960-61 to 2008-09.
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Land-use pattern in India is a dynamic concept. It changes over space and time. Land-use pattern in India is as follows:
1. About 46% area is the net sown area in the country.
2. Forests occupy about 22% of the reporting area.
3. The cultivable waste land accounts for nearly 5% of the area.
4. The fallow land covers about 8% of the total area.
5. Permanent pastures and tree crops cover only 5%.
6. The land not available for cultivation is nearly 14% of the total area.
The factors which determine land use are two fold:
(a) Physical – climate, soil and relief.
(b) Human – culture, tradition and technology.
The main causes for the change in Land-use pattern are –
1. Growing human population
2. Urbanization
3. Industrialisation,
This then varies from state to state also. The above mentioned factors are also responsible for the decrease in land under forest which is around 19% i.e. 14% away from 33% norm of UNO body on environment protection but a slight improvement after 1960-61 i.e. of 22% of the total geographical area.
The highest increase was in forest cover category and the highest decrease was in barren and unculturable waste land category:
It is discouraging to note that in spite of massive efforts made by the government to increase forest cover, the area under other non-agricultural uses is still increasing. It is probably due to deforestation, overgrazing and natural hazards etc that forest cover is still below the outline which was set in the National Forest Policy (1952), The decline in barren and waste land can essentially be attributed to the increase in area under non-agricultural use due to massive urbanization and development of roads, railways and canals etc.
1. About 46% area is the net sown area in the country.
2. Forests occupy about 22% of the reporting area.
3. The cultivable waste land accounts for nearly 5% of the area.
4. The fallow land covers about 8% of the total area.
5. Permanent pastures and tree crops cover only 5%.
6. The land not available for cultivation is nearly 14% of the total area.
The factors which determine land use are two fold:
(a) Physical – climate, soil and relief.
(b) Human – culture, tradition and technology.
The main causes for the change in Land-use pattern are –
1. Growing human population
2. Urbanization
3. Industrialisation,
This then varies from state to state also. The above mentioned factors are also responsible for the decrease in land under forest which is around 19% i.e. 14% away from 33% norm of UNO body on environment protection but a slight improvement after 1960-61 i.e. of 22% of the total geographical area.
The highest increase was in forest cover category and the highest decrease was in barren and unculturable waste land category:
It is discouraging to note that in spite of massive efforts made by the government to increase forest cover, the area under other non-agricultural uses is still increasing. It is probably due to deforestation, overgrazing and natural hazards etc that forest cover is still below the outline which was set in the National Forest Policy (1952), The decline in barren and waste land can essentially be attributed to the increase in area under non-agricultural use due to massive urbanization and development of roads, railways and canals etc.
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