Explain the physical setting of Antratica??
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The physical setting of Antarctica
1.The Antarctic region includes the continent, its offshore islands, and the surrounding Southern Ocean including the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the northern boundary of which is the Sub-Antarctic Front (SAF).
2.Southern Ocean islands that lie north of the SAF and yet fall into SCAR's area of interest include Ile Amsterdam, Ile St. Paul, Macquarie Island and Gough Island.
3.Most of the continent apart from the northern part of the Antarctic Peninsula lies south of the Antarctic Circle (at latitude 66º 33’ 39”S), beyond which there are 24 hours of continuous daylight at the austral summer solstice in December, and 24 hours continuous darkness at the austral winter solstice in June.
4.The sun rises at the South Pole on 22 September, the austral vernal equinox, and sets on 23 March, the austral autumn equinox.
5.The land surface rises rapidly away from the coast (Figure 1.2), and the continent has the highest mean elevation of any continent on Earth, at around 2,200 m. Much of East Antarctica comprises a high, domed Polar Plateau, with a crest at 4,093 m at Dome A (80º 22’S, 77º 32’E).
6.The shelf is unusually deep, reaching 800 m in places, as a side effect of the continent being depressed by the weight of its massive ice sheet.
7.More than 95% of the shelf lies at depths beyond the reach of the scouring effects of sea ice or wave action, is below the reach of sunlight (i.e. outside the euphotic zone), and is inaccessible to scuba divers.
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