Question

Explain the principle of working of simple electric motor. What is the role of
split rings in an electric motor? How are commercial motors different from
simple electric motor.​

Answer 1

Answer:

In electric motors, the split ring acts as a commutator. The reversal of current also reverses the direction of the force acting on the two arms AB and CD.Commercial motors have soft iron core on which the coil is wound.

Answer 2

${\bf \underline {Principle \: of \: Electric \: Motor}}$

•When a current carrying conductor is placed in uniform magnetic field, it experiences some force and starts rotating.

${\bf \underline {Role \: of \: Split \: rings}}$

•The main role of the split rings or commutator is to reverse the direction of current after each half rotation.

${\bf \underline {Commercial \: motors \: and\: Electric \: motors}}$

Yes, commercial motors are different from electric motors.The commercial motors uses:

(i) An Electromagnet in place of permanent magnet

(ii) large number of turns of conducting wire in the current carrying coil

(iii) A soft iron core on which the coil is wound

$\red{ \bf {An \: Electric \: Motor}}$

▪An electric motor is a rotating device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. It is used as an important component in electric fans, refrigerators, washing machines, water coolers, grinders etc.

Parts of Electric motor :

•Armature coil : ABCD is an armature coil which is placed between two permanent poles of magnets. It consists of large number of turns of insulated copper wire wounded over a soft iron core.

•Magnetic poles : Armature coil is placed between two permanent poles of magnet (N,S) i.e : North, South.

•Brushes : X and Y are two carbon fibres brushes which is attached with main circuit and it helps to ensure flow of current into the armature coil through P and Q split rings.

•Split rings or Commutator : P and Q are two semicircular metallic rings welded with armature coil ABCD and helps to reverse direction of current after each half rotation.