explain the process of
blood circulation in our body
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The blood circulatory system (cardiovascular system) delivers nutrients and oxygen to all cells in the body. It consists of the heart and the blood vessels running through the entire body. The arteries carry blood away from the heart; the veins carry it back to the heart. The system of blood vessels resembles a tree: The “trunk” – the main artery (aorta) – branches into large arteries, which lead to smaller and smaller vessels. The smallest arteries end in a network of tiny vessels known as the capillary network.
There isn't only one blood circulatory system in the human body, but two, which are connected: The systemic circulation provides organs, tissues and cells with blood so that they get oxygen and other vital substances. The pulmonary circulation is where the fresh oxygen we breathe in enters the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide is released from the blood.
Illustration: Pulmonary and systemic circulation
Blood circulation starts when the heart relaxes between two heartbeats: The blood flows from both atria (the upper two chambers of the heart) into the ventricles (the lower two chambers), which then expand. The following phase is called the ejection period, which is when both ventricles pump the blood into the large arteries.
In the systemic circulation, the left ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood into the main artery (aorta). The blood travels from the main artery to larger and smaller arteries and into the capillary network. There the blood drops off oxygen, nutrients and other important substances and picks up carbon dioxide and waste products. The blood, which is now low in oxygen, is collected in veins and travels to the right atrium and into the right ventricle.
This is where pulmonary circulation begins: The right ventricle pumps low-oxygen blood into the pulmonary artery, which branches off into smaller and smaller arteries and capillaries. The capillaries form a fine network around the pulmonary vesicles (grape-like air sacs at the end of the airways). This is where carbon dioxide is released from the blood into the air inside the pulmonary vesicles, and fresh oxygen enters the bloodstream. When we breathe out, carbon dioxide leaves our body. Oxygen-rich blood travels through the pulmonary veins and the left atrium into the left ventricle. The next heartbeat starts a new cycle of systemic circulation.
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Explanation:
The heart plays a major role in circulation of blood throughout the body. the rhythmic contractions and relaxations of heart muscles help in transport of the blood.the pumping action of heart starts by the contraction of its muscular walls.the alternate contraction and relaxation continues regularly. the human heart consists of four chambers-the right auricle,right ventricle,left auricle,and left ventricle.the two auricles contract and relax together. similarly both the ventricles also contract and relax together. right auricle is filled with deoxygenated blood brought through the right and left superior vena cava from right and left side of the head ,neck,chest,arm.right and left posterior vena cava bring deoxygenated blood to right auricle from left and right lower body parts such as abdomen and legs. simultaneously left auricle is filled with oxygenated blood.
the blood flows from the right auricle to the right ventricle and to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.the gaseous exchange in the lungs turns the deoxygenated blood to oxygenated blood.
the oxygenated blood reaches the left auricle through the pulmonary veins.the oxygenated blood then passes to the left ventricle.
from the left ventricle, the oxygenated blood is pumped into the aorta and is supplied to all the body parts.
this is how blood circulation in body takes place...
