Explain the process of collection of blood in blood bank
Answers
Answer:The first step to the collection is to positively identify the patient by two forms of identification; ask the patient to state and spell his/her name and give you his/her birth date. Check these against the requisition (paper or electronic).
Check the requisition form for requested tests, other patient information and any special draw requirements. Gather the tubes and supplies that you will need for the draw.
Position the patient in a chair, or sitting or lying on a bed.
Wash your hands.
Select a suitable site for venipuncture, by placing the tourniquet 3 to 4 inches above the selected puncture site on the patient. See below for venipuncture site selection “notes.”
Do not put the tourniquet on too tightly or leave it on the patient longer than 1 minute.
Next, put on non-latex gloves, and palpate for a vein.
When a vein is selected, cleanse the area in a circular motion, beginning at the site and working outward. Allow the area to air dry. After the area is cleansed, it should not be touched or palpated again. If you find it necessary to reevaluate the site by palpation, the area needs to be re-cleansed before the venipuncture is performed.
Ask the patient to make a fist; avoid “pumping the fist.” Grasp the patient’s arm firmly using your thumb to draw the skin taut and anchor the vein. Swiftly insert the needle through the skin into the lumen of the vein. The needle should form a 15-30 degree angle with the arm surface. Avoid excess probing.
Angle of venipuncture
When the last tube is filling, remove the tourniquet.
Remove the needle from the patient's arm using a swift backward motion.
Place gauze immediately on the puncture site. Apply and hold adequate pressure to avoid formation of a hematoma. After holding pressure for 1-2 minutes, tape a fresh piece of gauze or Band-Aid to the puncture site.
Dispose of contaminated materials/supplies in designated containers.
Note: The larger median cubital and cephalic veins are the usual choice, but the basilic vein on the dorsum of the arm or dorsal hand veins are also acceptable. Foot veins are a last resort because of the higher probability of complications.
Explanation: