explain the process of fertilization and formation of seed and fruit with well labelled diagram
Answers
Answer:
Fertilization in Plants
What is Fertilization?
In plants, fertilization is a process of sexual reproduction, which occurs after pollination and germination.
Fertilization can be defined as the fusion of the male gametes with the female gametes to form a diploid zygote. It is a physicochemical process which occurs after the pollination of the carpel. The complete series of this process takes place in the zygote to develop into a seed.
In the fertilization process, flowers play a significant role as they are the reproductive structures of angiosperms (flowering plants). The method of fertilization in plants occurs when gametes in haploid conditions fuse to produce a diploid zygote.
In the course of fertilization, male gametes get transferred into the female reproductive organs through pollinators (honey bees, birds, bats, butterflies, flower beetles) and the final product will be the formation of the embryo in a seed.
Explanation:
Fertilization in plants: In plants, pollination is followed by fertilization. Once the pollen grains are deposited on the stigma, it forms the pollen tube. The pollen tube grow through the ovules and reach the ovary where the egg cell is located. The pollen tube normally enters the ovule through a small opening called micropyle. Inside the ovule, the pollen tube releases two male gametes into the embryo sac.
One male gamete fuses with the egg, this fusion is called syngamy and its product is called zygote. The other male gamete fuse with two polar bodies and this process is called triple fusion, where three nuclei are involved in the fusion process, one male gamete and two polar nuclei. Thus, inside each embryo sac, two fusions, syngamy and triple fusion, takes place. This mechanism of two fusions occurring in an embryo sac is called double-fertilization. After fertilization, ovary develops into the fruit and ovules develop into the seeds.
Answered by | 22nd Mar, 2016, 06:51: PM
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