Question

explain the process of formation of complex protiens

Answer 1

Hey......!!! :)) ✌️✌️

______________
______________

Formation of complex proteins :-

A protein complex is a collection of proteins that interact with each other at the same time and location, and which has essential roles in regulatory processes, cellular functions, and signaling cascades.


Process:- Protein Synthesis

Now that we’ve described DNA and RNA, it’s time to take a look at the process of protein synthesis. The synthesis of proteins takes two steps: transcription and translation. Transcription takes the information encoded in DNA and encodes it into mRNA, which heads out of the cell’s nucleus and into the cytoplasm. During translation, the mRNA works with a ribosome and tRNA to synthesize proteins.


Transcription

The first step in transcription is the partial unwinding of the DNA molecule so that the portion of DNA that codes for the needed protein can be transcribed. Once the DNA molecule is unwound at the correct location, an enzyme called RNA polymerase helps line up nucleotides to create a complementary strand of mRNA. Since mRNA is a single-stranded molecule, only one of the two strands of DNA is used as a template for the new RNA strand.

The new strand of RNA is made according to the rules of base pairing:

DNA cytosine pairs with RNA guanine

DNA guanine pairs with RNA cytosine

DNA thymine pairs with RNA adenine

DNA adenine pairs with RNA uracil

For example, the mRNA complement to the DNA sequence TTGCAC is AACGUG. The SAT II Biology frequently asks about the sequence of mRNA that will be produced from a given sequence of DNA. For these questions, don’t forget that RNA uses uracil in place of thymine.

After transcription, the new RNA strand is released and the two unzipped DNA strands bind together again to form the double helix. Because the DNA template remains unchanged after transcription, it is possible to transcribe another identical molecule of RNA immediately after the first one is complete. A single gene on a DNA strand can produce enough RNA to make thousands of copies of the same protein in a very short time.

Translation

In translation, mRNA is sent to the cytoplasm, where it bonds with ribosomes, the sites of protein synthesis. Ribosomes have three important binding sites: one for mRNA and two for tRNA. The two tRNA sites.


Function of complex protein:-

Proteins come in a huge variety of forms and perform a wide range of functions. Examples of proteins include enzymes, antibodies and some hormones which help to speed up chemical reactions, defend against diseases and regulate the activity of cells.

example of complex protein:-

Many proteins such as myoglobinconsist of a single polypeptide chain; others contain two or more chains. For example, hemoglobin is made up of two chains of one type (amino acid sequence) and two of another type.

_____________
_____________

I hope it's help you.....!!! :)) ✌️✌️