Question

explain the process of fractional distillation of air?

Answer 1

The liquefied air is passed into the bottom of a fractionating column. Just as in the columns used to separate oil fractions, the column is warmer at the bottom than it is at the top.

The liquid nitrogen boils at the bottom of the column. Gaseous nitrogen rises to the top, where it is piped off and stored. Liquid oxygen collects at the bottom of the column. The boiling point of argon - the noble gas that forms 0.9% of the air - is close to the boiling point of oxygen, so a second fractionating column is often used to separate the argon from the oxygen.

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