Question

explain the process of silk production ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Sericulture is the practice of growing larvae, particularly those of the domesticated silkworm, in order to produce raw silk (Bombyx mori).

There are typically two steps involved in the manufacture of silk:

taking care of the silkworm from the egg stage till the cocoon is finished.

creation of mulberry trees, which supply the worms with food in the form of leaves.

The silkworm caterpillar constructs its cocoon by creating and enclosing a long, continuous filament, or fibre. The spinneret, a single exit tube in the insect's head, serves as a conduit for the liquid secretions of two sizable glands. These secretions harden when exposed to air and develop into twin filaments made of the protein substance fibroin. The sericin, a gooey material that binds the two filaments together, is released by a second pair of glands. The larva is killed in the cocoon by steam or hot air at the chrysalis stage because an emerging moth would break the cocoon strand.

Within each cocoon, silk is a continuous filament with an useable length of between 600 and 900 meter (2,000 to 3,000 feet). The filaments from numerous cocoons are unwound or reeled at once, often with a slight twist, to form a single strand after weakening the binding sericin and identifying the filament end. Throwing is the process by which a number of silk strands, each too thin for the majority of uses, are twisted together to create a thicker, stronger yarn. The amount and direction of the twist imparted determines the type of yarn that is produced.

Raw silk is defined as silk that contains sericin. The sticky material, which provided protection during processing, is typically kept until the yarn or fabric stage and is then removed by boiling the silk in soap and water, leaving it soft and glossy and with weight that has been decreased by as much as 30%. Short lengths of damaged cocoons or pieces torn off during processing are used to manufacture spun silk, which is then twisted together to create yarn. The term "denier," which refers to the weight in grammes per 9,000 meter (9,846 yards) in length, is used to describe the thickness of silk filament yarn. In a procedure known as weighing, a finishing agent, such as metallic salts, is occasionally applied to silk to raise weight, add density, and enhance drape quality.

Silk that has undergone degumming is left glossy, semitransparent, and smooth, with a surface that does not readily absorb dirt. Silk has a strong fibre that can withstand weights of up to 4 grammes (0.5 ounce) per denier without breaking. Strength is reduced by 15–25% when wet. A silk strand may be stretched by around 20% before breaking, but when stretched by more than about 2%, it does not immediately return to its previous length. Lower in density than fibres like cotton, wool, and rayon, silk is moisture-absorbent and has good dyeing characteristics. It can hold up to a third of its weight in moisture without feeling damp.

Making silk that is stronger and more elastic than that made by silkworms or by conventional sericulture techniques has long been a goal of researchers.

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Answer 2

The process of silk production is described as,

Production of silk thread:

The pupa stage of a silkworm secretes the clear sticky fluid from its salivary gland through a narrow pore called a spinneret.

The sticky material when exposes to air forms fine, long, solid, thin strands of silk which the caterpillar uses to form an oval case called a cocoon.

Extraction of silk:

The process of extraction of silk thread from the cocoon is called the processing of silk. When the cocoon formation completes during the pupal stage of the silkworm, the following steps are involved in the boiling method of silk production:

• Complete cocoons are collected first.

• Then, they are kept inside hot water and boiled for softening the thread and removing the impurities.
• Brushing with manually operated brushes is done to recognize the free end of silk thread.
• The free ends of silk thread are then collected and twisted to make a single thread.
• The thread is then spun with the help of automatic machines or wheel (charkha) as well as can be done manually.

One kg of silk thread can be obtained from 5000 to 6000 cocoons.

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