Question

explain the process of ultrafiltration of urine formation​

Answer 1

Answer:

This process is called ultrafiltration; the resulting fluid, virtually free of large proteins and blood cells, is referred to as glomerular filtrate, or ultrafiltrate. Further modification of ultrafiltrate, by reabsorption and secretion, transforms it into urine.

Answer 2

Ultra filtration :

The process of ultrafiltration occurs in the nephrons of the kidneys.

$\bigstar$ First step in urine formation, which is carried out by the glomerulus & is called glomerular filtration.

$\bigstar$ On an average 1100-1200 ml of blood is filtered by kidneys per minute ie 1/5th of blood pumped by each ventricle of heart per minute.

$\bigstar$ The glomerular capillary blood pressure causes filtration of blood through 3 layers namely epithelium of Bowman's capsule , endothelium of glomerular blood vessel and basement membrane between these two layers.

$\bigstar$ The epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule called podocytes are arranged in an intricate manner and leaving some minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores.

$\bigstar$ Blood is filtered through these membranes, all most all constituents of plasma except proteins pass onto the lumen of Bowman's capsule. Hence this step is called as ultra filtration.

$\bigstar$ The amount of filtrate formed by kidneys per minute is Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) & is approximately 125ml/minute is 180 litres per day for a healthy individual.