Question

explain the process of unification of italy​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

The process of the ‘Unification of Italy’ was as following-

1. During the middle of the nineteenth century, Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one, Sardinia-Piedmont, was ruled by an Italian princely house.

2. The north was under Austrian Habsburgs; the center was ruled by the Pope and the southern regions were under the domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain

3. The unification of Italy started with the secret societies formed by Giuseppe Mazzini like the Young Italy and the Young Europe.

4. Chief Minister Cavour led the movement to unify the regions through a tactful diplomatic alliance with France, and Sardinia-Piedmont succeeded in defeating the Austrian forces in 1859.

5. Garibaldi with his armed volunteers called red shirts defeated the Bourbon kings of Spain freeing the kingdom of 2 Sicilia’s

6. In 1861 Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed king of united Italy.

Note- The Unification of Italy was the work of 3 main leaders: Giuseppe Garibaldi, Count Cavour, and Victory Emmanuel II.

Answer 2

• Italy had a long history of political fragmentation. Italians were scattered over dynastic states and the multi-national Habsburg Empire.

• During the middle of the 18th century,  Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one, Sardinia-Piedmont, was ruled by an Italian princely house.

• Italian language did not have one common form.

• Guiseppe Mazzini had played an important role in the unification of Italy.

• He formed a secret society called ‘Young Italy’ in Marseilles, to spread his goals. He believed Italy could not continue to be a patchwork of small states and had to be forged into a single unified republic.  

• During the 1830s, Mazzini sought to put together a coherent programme for a unitary Italian Republic.  

• Under Chief Minister Cavour, Sardinia-Piedmont succeeded in defeating the Austrian forces in 1859.  

• He formed a tactful diplomatic alliance with France and defeated the Austrian forces. Even Guiseppe Garibaldi joined the fray.

• In 1860, they marched towards South Italy and the Kingdom of the two Sicilies, and with the help of the local peasants, drove out the Spanish rulers.

• In 1861, Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed as King of United Italy.