explain the processes used in the water treatment plant. loading, filtration, chlorination
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Larger water supplies serving many properties or commercial or industrial premises usually have shared upstream treatment systems similar in principle to those used at municipal water treatment works. This means that water is fully treated before being supplied to a distribution system from where it will go on to feed consumers. Smaller supplies, such as those feeding individual properties, would normally still be expected to have a suitable form of treatment situated such that it will provide water for drinking and other domestic uses at all points in the property, although there are exceptions which are discussed later (see section 6)
It is essential that the design of any treatment process is based on a full investigation of site conditions, including chemical and microbiological analysis of the water to be treated, a risk assessment and the results of laboratory or pilot scale tests to determine the effectiveness of the process and the chemical dosing requirements. This chapter provides an overview of the basic principles of water treatment; anyone planning to install or upgrade a water treatment process should seek expert guidance.
Where water is used for any domestic purposes it must be wholesome. Requirement for treatment may vary according to rainfall, catchment activity or other reasons. Although monitoring may indicate that the water is bacteriologically safe some of the time, it is extremely likely that there will be a bacteriological challenge at other times. In practice this means that many supplies will require a disinfection stage unless the supply can be shown by risk assessment and frequent surveillance to be likely to be consistently pathogen free.
It is important to choose equipment, suppliers and consultants carefully. DWI has published a list of products and substances which are approved for use which is available at www.dwi.gov.uk. This provides information on permitted products, their suppliers and lists some common types of products. Purchasers of water treatment plant and supplies should:
It is essential that the design of any treatment process is based on a full investigation of site conditions, including chemical and microbiological analysis of the water to be treated, a risk assessment and the results of laboratory or pilot scale tests to determine the effectiveness of the process and the chemical dosing requirements. This chapter provides an overview of the basic principles of water treatment; anyone planning to install or upgrade a water treatment process should seek expert guidance.
Where water is used for any domestic purposes it must be wholesome. Requirement for treatment may vary according to rainfall, catchment activity or other reasons. Although monitoring may indicate that the water is bacteriologically safe some of the time, it is extremely likely that there will be a bacteriological challenge at other times. In practice this means that many supplies will require a disinfection stage unless the supply can be shown by risk assessment and frequent surveillance to be likely to be consistently pathogen free.
It is important to choose equipment, suppliers and consultants carefully. DWI has published a list of products and substances which are approved for use which is available at www.dwi.gov.uk. This provides information on permitted products, their suppliers and lists some common types of products. Purchasers of water treatment plant and supplies should:
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First water is send to
Sedimentation tank : where the water is stored for a while and the sediments are allowed to settle down. By this all the stone particles get seperatd.
Then it is passed to loading tank
Loading: In this the water is stored in a loading tank where the a bit of alum is added and the clay particle get loaded on the alum and the alum settle down with the clay particle. By this all the clay particles are separated.
After this the water is send to filtration tank.
Filtration tank: In this tank there are three layers the first layer has fine sand particles, the second layer has coarse sand particle and the third layer has gravels and stone. The water is allowed to pass through it. By this all the impurities of water get separated.
After this the water is passed to chlorination tank
Chlorination tank: In this chlorine gas is passed over the water to kill all the germs present in it( to disinfect the water) and to make it sutiable for drinking and other purposes.
I hope this helps you
Sedimentation tank : where the water is stored for a while and the sediments are allowed to settle down. By this all the stone particles get seperatd.
Then it is passed to loading tank
Loading: In this the water is stored in a loading tank where the a bit of alum is added and the clay particle get loaded on the alum and the alum settle down with the clay particle. By this all the clay particles are separated.
After this the water is send to filtration tank.
Filtration tank: In this tank there are three layers the first layer has fine sand particles, the second layer has coarse sand particle and the third layer has gravels and stone. The water is allowed to pass through it. By this all the impurities of water get separated.
After this the water is passed to chlorination tank
Chlorination tank: In this chlorine gas is passed over the water to kill all the germs present in it( to disinfect the water) and to make it sutiable for drinking and other purposes.
I hope this helps you
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