Question

explain the properties and trends in periods and groups of nature of oxides in chemistry



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Answer 1

• Along the period. ... Electropositive metals form basic oxides. Along the period, as electronegativity increases, the basic nature of the oxides decreases and becomes both acidic and basic (amphoteric) at some transition element and then becomes increasingly acidic.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Classification of Oxides

Oxides can be classified in terms of:

The other combining element as metallic -nonmetallic oxides.

Structure of the oxide as polymeric, molecular and compound.

Nature of formation as at the surface or bulk.

Oxidation state as peroxides and superoxides.

Nature of oxides as acidic, basic, amphoteric and neutral.

Metallic and Nonmetallic Oxides

Binary oxygen compounds containing electropositive metals are metallic oxides, while, those having nonmetals are non-metallic oxides.

Metallic oxides: A chemical compound formed by metal and oxygen.

Examples:

Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide

2Mg + 2O2→ 2MgO

Other examples of metallic oxides – Na2O, Al2O3, FeO, CuO, V2O5

Nonmetallic oxides: In the air, nonmetal reacts with oxygen to produce nonmetallic oxides.

Compound oxides: These are a mixture of one or more binary oxides. Fe3O4 is a mixture of FeO and Fe2O3

Property Acidic oxide Basic oxide Amphoteric oxide

Reacting

element

Nonmetal-

electronegative

Metal-

electronegative

Metalloid

With water Forms acid

SO3 + H2O → H2SO4

Anhydride of acid

Forms a Base

Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH

Anhydride of base

Insoluble -do not react

With Base

or acid

Salt and water

CO2 + Ba(OH)2 → BaCO3

+ H2O

Salt and water

MgO + H2SO4 → MgSO4

+ H2O

Salt and water

ZnO + 2NaOH → Na2ZnO2 + H2O

ZnO + H2SO4 → Zn

Periodic table - Trends in the Properties of Oxides

Trends in the Properties of Oxides Along the Period

In the periodic table, electropositive elements are present on the left side. Along the period. the electropositive nature slowly decreases and change over to elements with increasing electronegative character. The metalloids, placed in between the electropositive metals and electronegative non-metals indicate the change over the property.

Electropositive metals form basic oxides. Along the period, as electronegativity increases, the basic nature of the oxides decreases and becomes both acidic and basic (amphoteric) at some transition element and then becomes increasingly acidic. So in any period, the first group elements form strongly basic oxides, while the seventh group elements form strongly acidic oxides. Higher the electronegativity of the element bonding with oxygen higher the acid nature of the oxide.

In the inert gases elements, only xenon forms oxides, and they are acidic.