Question

Explain the properties of s and d-block elements. ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

S BLOCK ELEMENTS

1. The s block elements having only one electron in their s-orbital are called group one or alkali metals whereas the s block elements having two electrons filling their s-orbital are called group two or alkaline earth metals.
2. The electrons present in an atom occupy various sub-orbitals of available energy levels in the order of increasing energy.
3. he last electron of an atom may find itself in either of the s, p, d and f sub shells. Accordingly, the elements of the atom having their last valence electron present in the s-suborbital are called the s block elements.

PROPERTIES-

Low atomic and ionic size

Greater charge density (charge/volume of the atom)

Greater polarization

Absence of d-orbitals.

Greater polarization of s block elements makes the first element more covalent and differentiates them from the rest which are ionic.

The similarity in size and charge density makes them resemble the element diagonally placed in the next group (diagonal relationship).

It is observed that the physical and chemical properties of these s block elements change in a particular trend as the atomic number of the elements increases.

A diagonal relationship in S block elements exists between adjacent elements which are located in the second and third period of the periodic table.

D BLOCK ELEMENTS

1. D block elements are the elements which can be found from the third group to the twelfth group of the modern periodic table.
2. The valence electrons of these elements fall under the d orbital.
3. D block elements are also referred to as transition elements or transition metals.
4. The first three rows of the d block elements which correspond to the 3d, 4d, and 5d orbitals.

Transition Elements are so named, indicating their positioning and transition of properties between, s and p block elements. So, all the transition metals are d block elements but all d block elements are not transition elements.

PROPERTIES-

Electrons added to the ‘d’ sub-orbitals that lie between their (n+1) s and (n+1) p sub-orbitals.

Placed between s and p block elements in the periodic table.

Properties between s and p-block elements.