Explain the reaction of metals and non- metals with acids and bases.
Answers
Explanation:
Non-metals react with oxygen to produce non- metallic oxides which are acidic in nature. ... Metals react with acids and produce metal salts and hydrogen gas. Generally, non-metals do not react with acids. Some metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas.
Reaction with Water:
1.Metals react with water to form metal hydroxide along with the evolution of hydrogen gas.
Metal + Water → Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen
Example:
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2↑
Sodium reacts violently with cold water to form sodium hydroxide solution along with the evolution of hydrogen gas.
2.Non-Metals do not react with water, though they may be very reactive in the air
Reaction with Acids:
1. Most of the metals react with dilute acids to form salts and hydrogen gas.
Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen
For example: Magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.
Mg + HCl → MgCl2 + + H2↑
Al, Fe and Zn also react with dilute HCl to form corresponding metal chlorides and hydrogen gas.
The less reactive metals such as copper, silver and gold do not react with dilute acids.
2. Non-metals do not react with dilute acids to form salts and hydrogen gas.
Reaction with Oxygen:
1. Metals react with oxygen to form corresponding oxides.
Metal + Oxygen → Metal oxide (Basic oxide)
The metal oxides are basic in nature. The basic metal oxides turn red litmus to blue.
Iron metal combines slowly with the oxygen of the air in the presence of water to form iron oxide. This iron oxide is the rust.
2. Non-Metals react with oxygen to form non-metallic oxides.
Non-Metal + Oxygen → Non-Metal oxide(Acidic oxide)
The non-metal oxides are acidic in nature. The acidic non-metal oxides turn blue litmus to red.
Mg + O2 → MgO(Basic oxide)
MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2(Base)