Question

Explain the reason for the decline of Indian textile industry by the end of 19th century?

Answer 1

By the end of 19th century, Indian textile industry started to decline due to the following reasons:-

1. East India Company gained power:- Once the East India Company established political power, it asserted a monopoly right to trade. It proceeded to develop a system of management and control that would eliminate competition, control costs and ensure regular supplies of cotton and silk goods.

2. Growth of cotton industries in England:- As cotton industries developed in England, industrial group became worried about the imports from the other countries.

They pressurised the government to impose import duties on cotton textile, so that Manchester goods could easily sell in Britain without facing any competition from outside. Further the industrialists persuaded the East India Company to sell British products forcefully in Indian market.

3. The result of two edge policy:- To sell British products in India the East India Company followed a two edged policy, i.e. no taxes on imports but high taxes on exports. Due to this policy, local Indian market shrank and flooded with cheap Manchester machine made products.

4. Shortage of raw material:- Due to the American Civil War, cotton supplies from the US cut off, Britain turned to India. As raw cotton exports from India increased, Indian weavers faced the problem due to the shortage of raw materials for textile industry.

Answer 2

Answer:

By the end of 19th Century, India textile industry started to decline due to the following reasons:-

1. East India Company gained power:-

Once the East India Company established political power, it asserted a monopoly right to trade.

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