explain the reproduction in gymnosperm
Answers
In gymnosperms, a leafy green sporophyte generates cones containing male and female gametophytes; female cones are bigger than male cones and are located higher up in the tree.
A male cone contains microsporophylls where male gametophytes ( pollen ) are produced and are later carried by wind to female gametophytes.
The megaspore mother cell in the female cone divides by meiosis to produce four haploid megaspores; one of the megaspores divides to form the female gametophyte.
The male gametophyte lands on the female cone, forming a pollen tube through which the generative cell travels to meet the female gametophyte.
One of the two sperm cells released by the generative cell fuses with the egg, forming a diploid zygote that divides to form the embryo.
Unlike angiosperms, ovaries are absent in gymnosperms, double fertilization does not take place, male and female gametophytes are present on cones rather than flowers, and wind (not animals) drives pollination.
In gymnosperms the cone is the female reproductive part and the pollen is the male reproductive part. Pine trees and other gymnosperms produce two types of cones. The male cone is called the pollen cone. The larger female cone is the seed cone.
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