Explain the role of phytohormones in seed germination.
Answers
Phytohormones are signal molecule produced within plants that occur in extremely low concentrations. plant hatmones control all espects of growth and development from embryogenes is the regulation of organ size pathogen defence stress tolerance and through to reproductive development.
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Phytohormones : These are called phytohormones or "phytohormones". Plant hormones are compounds found in very low concentrations in plants. They are derivatives of indole (auxins), terpenes (Gibberellins), adenine (Cytokinins), carotenoids (Abscisic acid) and gases (Ethylene).
Function of phytohormones in seed generation -
Plant hormones are thought to respond to stress and help plants withstand threats from insects and other predators. As with all living things, stress can cause a variety of physical and chemical reactions.
For example, in humans, stress can increase the production of adrenaline and cortisol.
Plant hormones or plant hormones are regulators of plant growth. They are needed in small quantities, but for plant function.
Auxin: Helps to enlarge cells and predominate apical buds. It also prevents bending and promotes xylem differentiation and plant wound healing.
Cytokinin: Promotes cell division, apical dominance, delayed aging, phloem transport, salt accumulation, and female flower production. Helps increase resistance to extreme temperatures and illnesses. Applications include stem initiation in callus during plant tissue culture and development of disease-resistant varieties in genetically engineered plants.
Gibberellin: This promotes fruit size, internode elongation, and seed germination. Applications include genetically producing male flowers from female plants and prolonging the dormancy of seeds, buds, tubers, etc.
Abscisic acid: It improves seed development and maturity, induces flowering and aids in carotenoid synthesis in green organs.
Ethylene: Suppresses stem elongation, promotes fruit ripening, increases stem circumference, slows aging and leaf fall rate. Applications include artificial ripening of fruits and germination of storage organs.
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