Question

Explain the rules for inheritance of traits

Answer 1

RULES FOR THE INHERITANCE OF TRAITS: MENDEL'S CONTRIBUTION : -

Inheritance is the transmission of genetically controlled characteristics from one generation to the next.

1. MONOHYBRID CROSS AND THE LAW OF SEGREGATION : -

According to Mendel’s first law of inheritance also called as the law of segregation states that the two alleles of a character present together in one generation segregate or separate during gamete formation and move to different gametes and subsequently to different populations of the next generation In other words the gametes formed will be having only one allele for a character.


2. DIHYBRID CROSS AND THE LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT : -

The second law of Mendel "Law of Independent Assortment states that When two characters are present in a plant then both the characters behave independent of the other character,in other words one set of character is not influenced by the other set of characters during its inheritance.

Answer 2

Rules of Inheritance of traits:

The rules of inheritance of traits in human being arose due to fact that both father and mother contribute practically equal genetic material amount called as DNA to their child. Thus each trait is impacted by both “paternal and maternal” trait.  

When a “monohybrid cross” is performed between a tall plant and dwarf plant, in F1 generation it was found that all plants were tall, and in F2 generation both tall and dwarf traits were expressed. Based upon these result, Mendal gave two laws namely “Law of dominance” and Law of segregation.