Explain the scientific knowledge has made agriculture possible in arid zones, dry lands and hills?
Answers
Explanation:
In the arid zone there is considerable
scope for growing fruit trees like ber and pomegranate and fuel wood yielding trees like Acacia (Kikar), Prosopis (Mosquite) and Eucalyptus (Safeda). In such areas, large scale planting of shelter belts will minimize soil erosion caused by wind. It will also help in the establishment of pastures and grazing lands. Later on this land can be used for growing pearlmillet and mungbean. Since water is a limiting factor in drylands, as much run off as posssible should be collected in community owned ponds, so that the crops can be gived life saving irrigation. In dry lands with red soil, deep ploughing helps in conserving water. In black soils, sowing two crops at a time is possible with surface drainage and good water management.Leaves and crop management, when mixed with soil improve its texture and water holding capacity. If crops like pigeonpea and castor have deep roots, are cultivated in these regions, the physical condition of the soil improves further, as the roots of these crops add organic matter.Now that varieties of sorghum, millets, sunflower, safflower, mustard, groundnut various pulses and cotton are available which grow within a shorter time the dry lands. variety crops cropping patterns allow the farmer to make choice what grow different climate and types.There solution the agricultural problem of the hilly regions. The upper regions of the hills devoted to forestry. The next zone is developed for growing trees, perennial fodder grass and legumes. The roots legumes fix nitrogen improve soil. the mix crops are raised terraces constructed with low cost implements. Earthen dams are constructed with locally available material. The collect enough water utilized for irrigation and fish culture. Polutry, piggery, bee-keeping mushroom cultivation and related activities create self sustaining, complete farming system blends ecosystem.