Question

Explain the Stalin's collectivization programme?tetell me the advantages and disadvantages of Stalin collectivization programme ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Under Stalin’s collectivization program, the Bolshevik Party forced all peasants to cultivate in collective farms(kolkhoz). The bulk of lands and implements were transferred to the ownership of collective farms. Peasants worked on the land and kolkhoz profit was shared.

Engaged peasants resisted the authorities and resisted the authorities and destroyed their livestock. Between 1929–1931, the number of cattle fell by one-third. Those who resisted collectivization were severely punished. Many were deported* and exiled**. As they resisted collectivization, peasants argued that they were not rich and they were not against socialism. They merely didn’t want to work in collective farms for a variety of reasons. Stalin’s government allowed some independent cultivation, but treated such cultivators unsympathetically.

Explanation:

Advantages

To Mao, this was a triumph as it proved that he could enforce change on unwilling people and CCP members

CCP control strengthened throughout the countryside

Spence: peasants were better fed in 1956-7 than in early ‘50s

it was evidence that his principles could work and that it was to going be possible to create a socialist utopia based on his version of Marxism.

Disadvantages:

Chiang & Halliday: peasants experienced hardship as a result of collectivisation

during 1st 5YP (1953-7) agriculture increased only by 3.8% and in the last year only increased by 1%

grain requisitioning led to food riots in 1954

many peasants got hardly any food as Mao said: they ‘only need 140g of grain and some only need 110’ and that ‘educate peasants to eat less, and have more thin gruel’

The government introduced a policy of ‘primitive accumulation’ which forced peasants to sell a quarter of their total grain production to the state at very low prices. So, peasants were living at subsistence levels.