Question

Explain the stereochemistry of the following:
(1) [Au(CN)2]+. (2)[HgI3]-​

Answer 1

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

The stereochemistry of the following compounds is discussed.

Explanation:

1)

• Au+ almost always forms linear complexes but many of these formally two coordinate complexes. The ability of Au+ to form linear complexes with cyanide is even used to selectively extract metallic gold from low grade ores. The stability of [Au(CN)2]- means that the dissolution of metallic gold in aqueous cyanide is  hermo dynamically favorable under aerobic conditions.

4 Au  +  8 CN−  +  O2  +  2 H2O  ⟶  4 [Au(CN)2]−  +  4 OH

• Although it is rare for most metals, this coordination number is surprisingly common for d10 metal ions, especially Cu+, Ag+, Au+, and Hg2+.
• An example is the [Au(CN)2]− ion, which is used to extract gold from its ores.
• As expected based on VSEPR considerations, these complexes have the linear L–M–L structure shown here.

2.

• Hg2+, like Au+, benefits from relativistic effects and more commonly forms two-coordinate complexes with a linear geometry.
• Among these is [Hg(CN)2]. However, its preference for linearity is not as rigid as for Au+ and so complexes with a variety of coordination geometries are known.
• Although it is also rare, this coordination number is encountered with d10 metal ions such as Cu+ and Hg2+. Among the few known examples is the HgI3− ion. Three-coordinate complexes almost always have the trigonal planar structure expected from the VSEPR model.