Science, asked by sainidakshsaini2007, 5 months ago

Explain the structure and formation of cyclone.​

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Answered by misrabarnali594
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Answered by meenamahyavanshi82
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Structure of Tropical Cyclone

Tropical Storm

Tropical Storm is a low pressure centered powerful wind system with a speed of 39 mph or above. As its speed intensifies this wind system becomes tropical cyclone or hurricane. Tropical storm is a strong thunderstorm that develops as a

tropical depression and eventually with higher speed become tropical cyclone. The tropical storm though is not as furious as a hurricane or tropical cyclone, but can cause small scale damages. The storm can cause damages to power lines, mobile roofs, etc. Even inland flooding can happen due to rain after the storm.

Tropical Cyclone

When a Tropical Storm matures and its intensity and speed reaches 74mph or above it become a Tropical Cyclone or a hurricane or a typhoon depending on its location. Tropical cyclones are called so because of their origin on the tropical seas. This low pressure system forms in the tropics over warm tropical waters with an eye in the center. The diameter of the eye ranges between 10 km to 100 km and the surrounding eye wall, which is a thick ring of cloud, rises about a height of 16 km. Tropical Cyclones are formed by the energy derived from the warm tropical oceans with temperature above 26.5°C. The tropical cyclones can stay for many days once formed and generally follow erratic paths. The tropical cyclones are associated with heavy rains, thunderstorms, and high waves. The cyclones blow counterclockwise in the Northern hemisphere and clockwise south of the equator. Tropical cyclones form frequently in the late summer season, when the temperature difference between the sea surface and the air above is at its maximum.

Few of the Recent Tropical Cyclones in the Indian Ocean

Tropical cyclones are named to distinguish one from the other. The naming of the cyclones in the Indian Ocean is done by panel member countries (countries surrounding Indian Ocean). The list of names is prepared long before the appearance of the cyclones.

Cyclone Hudhud, 2014, is a category 4 cyclone based on Saffir-Simpson wind scale, which formed in the north of Indian Ocean on 7 October and dissipated by 14 October. Cyclone Hudhud reached its maximum intensity with wind speed of 115 mph and lowest pressure of 950 mbar. This cyclone killed about 109 people and caused damages worth US$ 11 billion. The areas affected mainly by this cyclone were Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Andaman and Nicobar Island.

Cyclone Phailin, 2013, a category 5 cyclone based on Saffir-Simpson wind scale, emerged in the Gulf of Thailand as a depression before moving to Andaman Sea, Andaman and Nicobar Island, and into Bay of Bengal as a cyclonic storm affecting countries like Thailand, Myanmar, and eastern part of India. This cyclone was formed on 4 October and dissipated by 14 October’ 2013. The cyclone claimed 45 lives and caused damages worth US$ 696 million. This cyclone reached its peak with wind intensity of 130 mph and lowest pressure of 940 mbar.

Cyclone Giovanna, 2012, an intense category 4 cyclone, is also the first severe tropical cyclone to affect Madagascar killing 33 people at its coast. This cyclone appeared on 7 February and dissipated by 24 February after reaching its highest wind intensity of 120 mph and lowest pressure of 935 mbar. Beside Madagascar, this tropical cyclone of southwest Indian Ocean, also affected La Reunion and Mauritius and caused 35 causalities.

Cyclone Bruce, 2013, was a severe category 3 cyclone that developed over eastern Indian Ocean on 16 December and dissipated by 19 December. This tropical cyclone reached its maximum intensity with 100 mph and pressure of 961 mbar. It affected parts of southwest Indonesia, Western Australia, and Cocos Islands, but no major damage or causality was reported.

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