Explain the structure of atmosphere.
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Answer:
The distribution of temperature is not uniform at different height of the atmosphere. Along with the variation of temperature there are unique features at different heights. Based on these characteristics atmosphere is divided into four parallel zones.
Troposphere: It is the lowest layer of the atmosphere and less closer to the earth. The word ‘Tropos’ means ‘turn’ It extends up to 18km at the equator and 8km at poles. Thus the average height is about 10-12km. The important feature of the troposphere are:
Hydrological cycle: It is confined to troposphere. The water evaporates and raised up, formation of clouds takes place. Later it is precipitated in various forms like rain, snow and hailstone. These processes are known as evaporation, condensation and precipitation.
Lapse rate: In this layer the temperature decreases at the rate of 6,5’ Celsius per every 1000 meters of height which is known as ‘lapse rate’. Clouds: It is characterized with formation of clouds, thunder storms and lighting.
Gaseous Mass: The troposphere has about 75 percent of the total gaseous mass, The upper part of troposphere is known ‘Tropopause’.
2 Stratosphere: It lies above the troposphere and extends up to 50km from the earth. The temperature is also most uniformly distributed. Hence it also known as isothermal zone. At a height of 22kms. There is a thin layer of ozone which absorbs ultraviolet rays of the sun. So it is called as ozonosphere. The name staratopause is given to the upper part of the stratosphere.
3. Mesosphere: It extends from 50 to 80kms. It is an intermediary zone between the lower and upper layers of the atmosphere. A thin layer of air separating mesosphere from the other upper layers in named as‘Mesopause’.
4. Ionosphere: It extends from 90 to 500km. It consists of atoms of air ionized due to intensive temperature. So it is also known as ionosphere or Thermosphere. The radio waves of different length are reflected back from this layer.
5. Exosphere: The region beyond the Thermosphere is called Exosphere. It extends to about 1,000 km and the gravity of the Earth’s too weak in this layer. Magnetosphere is found above this layer. Atmospheric layer in between 500-700kms is known as Exosphere and the atmosphere lying beyond is called‘Magnetosphere’.
Explanation:
Please make as Brainlist answer
Our atmosphere is composed of many components. But the structure of the atmosphere is a combination of various layers.
There are five layers in the structure of the atmosphere depending upon temperature. These layers are:
★Troposphere
★Stratosphere
★Mesosphere
★Thermosphere
★Exosphere
Troposphere
☆It is considered as the lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere.
☆The troposphere starts at the surface of the earth and goes up to a height of 7 to 20 km.
Stratosphere
☆It is the second layer of the atmosphere found above the troposphere.
☆It extends up to 50 km of height.
Mesosphere
☆The Mesosphere is found above the stratosphere.
☆It is the coldest of the atmospheric layers.
Thermosphere
☆This layer is found above Mesopause from 80 to 400 km.
☆Radio waves that are transmitted from the earth are reflected by this layer.
Ionosphere
☆The lower Thermosphere is called the Ionosphere.
☆The ionosphere consists of electrically charged particles known as ions.
Exosphere
☆It is the outermost layer of the atmosphere.
☆The zone where molecules and atoms escape into space is mentioned as the exosphere.
