Question

explain the struggle of Marie Curie​

Answer 1

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• Marie Curie at 150 – Celebrating Women in STEM About a century ago, Marie Sklodowska-Curie, in spite of her outstanding work and discoveries which led to two Nobel prizes (Physics and Chemistry), had to struggle for recognition within the French scientific community, mostly dominated by male physicists!

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Answer 2

Answer:

The struggles and contributions of Marie Curie

Katarzyna Siewierska writes about Marie Curie as a tribute to all female scientists, who made contributions to science, but also showed strength of character and determination in overcoming the challenges of being a female scientist, inspiring generations of female scientists

Katarzyna Siewierska

The glass ceiling

“In the late 19th century, the Sorbonne enrolled a new female student from Warsaw, Poland. She came to France to study physics and mathematics upon her sister’s invitation after a bad break up with her first love. Her name was Maria Skłodowska.”

The glass ceiling has almost always been blocking women from a successful career in science. When I say almost, I refer to the stories of Pythia – AKA the Oracle of Delphi – and of Hypatia of Alexandria. Pythia was the title of the high priestess famous for her prophecies inspired by Apollo. She was the most powerful woman of the classical world and enjoyed many privileges and rewards. Hypatia was the head of the Neoplatonic school at Alexandria, where she taught philosophy and astronomy, and she is considered the first notable woman in mathematics. She carried out careful astronomical observations which arguably led to her murder by a Christian mob in 415 AD. She was a highly respected figure, but when her teachings were found to contradict the views of the Church, she had to be silenced. To find out more about the life and work of Hypatia I strongly recommend the film “Agora”, directed by Alejandro Amenábar (where Rachel Weisz plays Hypatia), the book “Hypatia of Alexandria“, by Maria Dzielska, and the book “Hypatia of Alexandria: Mathematician and Martyr”, by Michael Deakin. The figures of the Oracle of Delphi and Hypatia show that women once could become very powerful and successful, and occupy high positions in society.

Later something changed, and women were banished from scholarship and power. They were forced to remain in the home and focus on looking after their families, giving rise to the glass ceiling. For a very long time that ceiling was completely impermeable. However, in the 19th century a tremendous wave of change swept across the world as elementary education became compulsory for girls and more universities opened their doors to female students. In the late 19th century, the Sorbonne enrolled a new female student from Warsaw, Poland. She came to France to study physics and mathematics upon her sister’s invitation after a bad break up with her first love. Her name was Maria Skłodowska.

The female pioneer of science

“Marie was not allowed to speak, and Pierre gave the talk. Today such a thing would be outrageous. I would like to think that back then Marie also thought that such treatment was outrageous; however, she had to put up with it at least for the time being in order for her work to become known.”

At the Sorbonne, Marie earned two degrees. She came top of the class in physics and second in mathematics. She began her research career with the investigation of the magnetic properties of different types of steels. Marie was looking for larger laboratory space for her work, and she was introduced to Pierre Curie, who was asked to help her. It was their common interest in magnetism that attracted them and they both developed feelings for each other. The couple got married in 1895.

Marie was fascinated by the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895, and the discovery of radioactivity by Henri Becquerel in 1896. This inspired her research into the radioactive properties of uranium ore. Together, the Curies filtered tonnes of uranium ore to isolate small amounts of two new elements, polonium and radium chloride. They wrote many important articles, one of which discussed how, when exposed to radiation coming from radium chloride, cancer cells were damaged faster than healthy cells. Marie and Pierre shared the Nobel Prize in physics in 1903 with Henri Becquerel, “in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel.”

Explanation:

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