Explain the term Avogadro's number.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Avogadro's number is defined as the number of elementary particles (molecules, atoms, compounds, etc.) per mole of a substance. It is equal to 6.022×1023 mol-1 and is expressed as the symbol NA. Avogadro's number is a similar concept to that of a dozen or a gross. A dozen molecules is 12 molecules.
ANSWER :
Avogadro's number, number of units in one mole of any substance (defined as its molecular weight in grams), equal to 6.02214076 × 1023. The units may be electrons, atoms, ions, or molecules, depending on the nature of the substance and the character of the reaction (if any).
So, if you wanted to know the number of particles in 3 moles of a substance, the value would be:
= 3 x 6.023 x 1023
= 1.81 x 1024 particles
Simply put, it creates a bridge between the macroscopic world and the microscopic world by relating the amount of substance to the number of particles. It also provides the relationship between other physical constants and properties. Some of them are:
The relationship between the gas constant R and the Boltzmann constant kB: R=kBNA
The relationship between the Faraday constant F and the elementary charge e: F=NAe
The relationship between atomic mass unit u and molar mass constant Mu: 1u=Mu/NA
In chemistry, we always take a macroscopic approach to measuring stuff. We measure the total volume of a substance, or the temperature, or the mass of a substance and general things along those lines. But if we look at this from the atomic level, knowledge of velocity and momentum of particles are important. The atomic mass is important. Avogadro’s number connects both of these.
How was Avagadro’s Number Determined?
Avagadro grew up during the important period of development of chemistry. Chemists such as John Dalton and Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac began to understand the basic properties of atoms and molecules, and they debated how these infinitesimally small particles behaved. Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volumes particularly interested Avagadro.