Explain the term `biofortification' with one example.
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Biofortification is a process of breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fat content. This method is employed to improve public health. Breeding of crops with improved nutritional quality is undertaken to improve the content of proteins, oil, vitamins, minerals, and micro-nutrients in crops. It is also undertaken to upgrade the quality of oil and proteins. An example of this is a wheat variety known as Atlas 66, which has high protein content in comparison to the existing wheat. In addition, there are several other improved varieties of crop plants such as rice, carrots, spinach etc. which have more nutritious value and more nutrients than the existing varieties.
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Biofortification is a process of increasing the nutrition content of the edible parts of the crop by using conventional breeding method or by genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology). It aims to combat malnutrition among the populations of developing countries. Examples of biofortification includes iron-biofortified rice, zinc- biofortified wheat and rice and proviatmin A carotenoid-biofortified sweet potato, maize and cassava.
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