Question

Explain the term dipole moment and describe briefly its experimental determination.

Answer 1

dipole moment can be defined as the product of magnitude of charge and the distance between the centres of positive and negative charge it is usually designated by Greek letter Mu mathematically it is expressed as follows:
dipole moment (mu) = charge (Q) * distance of separation (r)
dipole moment is usually expressed in Debye units d the conversion factor is 1D is equals to 3.33 5 6 4 into 10 raise to power minus 30 Coulomb metre.
further the dipole moment is a vector quantity and by convention it is depicted by a small Arrow with tail on the negative centre and head pointing towards the positive Centre bird in chemistry presents of dipole moment is represented by cross arrow put on the Lewis structure of the molecules across on the positive end the arrow head is on the and negative end. this arrow symbolises the direction of shift of electron density in the molecule note that the direction of crossed Arrow is opposite to the conventional direction of dipole moment vector.
in case of polyatomic molecules dipole moment not only depends upon the individual dipole moment of bonds known as Bond dipole but also on spatial arrangement of various bonds in the molecule in such case dipole moment of a molecule is the vector sum of the dipole moments of various bonds for example in H2O molecule which has bent structure of O-H Bond oriented at angle of 104.5 degrees the net dipole moment of 6.17 into 10 raise to power minus 30 cm is the resultant of dipole moment of 2 O-H bonds.
Hope it helps please mark it as brainliest

Answer 2

Dipole moment is the inter molecular force between atoms in a same or different kind of molecules. Which help us to understand interaction between atoms of molecules.
Dipole moment is the measure of total molecular polarity which is magnitude of the charge q at either end of the dipole molecule and the distance between these charges represented by d. Dipole moment is denoted by μ
So μ=q*d
Dipole moment is the force which explains us the charge separation in a atom or molecule.