Question

Explain the term electrolysis. Discuss briefly the electrolysis of (i) molten NaCl solution (ii) water.

Answer 1

Answer:

• the process of chemical decomposition of an electrolyte by the passage  is called electrolysis or electrolytic dissociation .

• it is carried out in electrolytic cell where electrical energy is converted in to chemical energy .of electrolysis two suitable electrodes are immersed in the solution of an electrolyte.

• when an electric potential is applied between the electrodes ,the positive ions move toward the anode. the gain of electrons mean reduction takes place at the cathode and loss of electrons mence oxidation takes place at anode.    

molten NaCl    

NaCl   → Na +  + Cl-2e  

reaction at anode (oxidation )  = 2Cl - → Cl2  + 2e

reaction at cathode (REDUCTION)  = 2Na + + 2e → 2Na

Answer 2

Answer:

Electrolysis is the process by which electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change. The chemical change is one in which the substance loses or gains an electron (oxidation or reduction). The process is carried out in an electrolytic cell, an apparatus consisting of positive and negative electrodes held apart and dipped into a solution containing positively and negatively charged ions. The substance to be transformed may form the electrode, may constitute the solution, or may be dissolved in the solution. Electric current (i.e., electrons) enters through the negatively charged electrode (cathode); positively charged components of the solution travel to this electrode, combine with the electrons, and are transformed to neutral elements or molecules. The negatively charged components of the solution travel to the other electrode (anode), give up their electrons, and are transformed into neutral elements or molecules. If the substance to be transformed is the electrode, the reaction is generally one in which the electrode dissolves by giving up electrons.

Explanation:

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