explain the term Land ownership
Answers
Answer:
(also landowning) [uncountable] the fact of owning land, especially a large area of land.
Answer:
Challenges and Opportunities
The evolutionary theory of land rights, discussed above, was seen by the NGO supporters in both sites, and in other parts of Indonesia, as a natural internal process, and in some cases NGO activists were reluctant to intervene. This study has shown that the market and state both play an important role in engineering the evolution of land rights toward privatization, rather than retaining their communal land tenure form or accommodating the household land tenure unit. The delaying tactics played by the previous government, to create a regulation that will establish a clearer process of land redistribution, create communal land rights titles, and secure the rights of the customary community, is a clear indication of the state’s reluctance to regulate this issue. Thus, changes in the process are determined by the demands of the market for the benefit of the private sector.
It is apparent from this study that Indonesia’s upland communities need security of tenure for their land and farming systems, which could protect them from land appropriation by state and local players. Approaches to land redistribution under individual ownership, as practiced so far, have not been appropriate for these upland communities that managed and possess the land in a household unit. The upland peasant households that were the focus of this study have been forced to follow the free market route, which includes farmland as one of the commodities that has been internally contested by peasants and other absentee land speculators. This process has been formative of a capitalist peasant society in the upland areas. As revealed by this study, and also by other studies (see Chrisantiny, 2007) the government land agency (BPN) was unable to provide support to every individual peasant, especially in the upland areas, to register their plots. Both this study and Chrisantiny (2007) have shown that land redistribution cannot lead to the registration of all lands. Only those who are sufficiently well off were able to acquire individual land certificates.
The civil society movement led by peasant organizations and unions that have been promoting land reform and redistribution should carefully examine the results of the land redistribution process several years after it occurred. Those in the civil society movement who promote recognition of adat rights through communal landownership should also observe internal processes of elite capture.