Chemistry, asked by sariyan0180, 8 months ago

EXPLAIN THE TERM System, surrounding, universe with example??​

Answers

Answered by sanjuambastha
2

Answer:

A system is defined as the part of the Universe we are interested in. This could be a test tube in which we are observing a chemical reaction, a cup of water we are heating, an automobile engine we are fixing etc. The rest of the Universe is called the surroundings. This may be illustrated with the "formula"

please mark me as branliest and follow me

Answered by bishtsmita06
0

Answer:

A system is defined as the part of the Universe we are interested in. This could be a test tube in which we are observing a chemical reaction, a cup of water we are heating, an automobile engine we are fixing etc. The rest of the Universe is called the surroundings. This may be illustrated with the "formula"

                         surroundings = Universe - system

Basic system types

The simplest kind of system is the isolated system which does not exchange energy or matter with the surroundings. A hypothetical example of an "almost isolated" system would be a gas enclosed in a sealed double-walled steel container with thick thermal insulation between the steel walls.

The closed system is able to exchange energy but not matter with surroundings. In our gas example above we would make one of the walls thin and able to conduct heat, and allow it to move so that gas may be compressed or expanded. We would add some sort of gaskets to make sure no substance can enter or leave the container.

The open system exchanges both energy and matter with the surroundings. In the gas example we would punch a hole in the double walls, allowing mater to flow.

System Exchange energy     Exchange matter

Isolated                no                     no

Closed             yes                   no

Open                yes                     yes

In practice, all systems are open to some degree, but sometimes we can neglect the effects of energy or matter flow. For example we can consider hot coffee in a thermos flask to be an isolated system over some short period of time, since heat loss from a thermos is relatively slow. Similarly, we can usually think of a glass of water or open test-tube in a laboratory to be closed systems, neglecting the evaporation of liquids to the atmosphere and mixing of atmospheric gases with our samples.

Examples of interesting kinds of open systems are the human body or our planet Earth.

Two other kinds of system/surroundings boundaries are especially interesting: the adiabatic boundary, in which case the system cannot exchange heat with the surroundings and the opposite, or diathermic boundary through which exchange of heat with surroundings can take place.

Similar questions