Question

Explain the term tectonic plates.​

Answer 1

A tectonic plate (also called lithospheric plate) is a massive, irregularly shaped slab of solid rock, generally composed of both continental and oceanic lithosphere. Plate size can vary greatly, from a few hundred to thousands of kilometers across; the Pacific and Antarctic Plates are among the largest.

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Answer 2

The convectional currents below the Earth's crust split the crust into a number of pieces. These pieces are called Tectonic plates

e.g. Eurasian plate, Indo-Australian plate, etc.

Theory of Plate Tectonics

Many Earth scientists have tried to describe the formation of physical features with the help of various theories. One such Theory is the "Theory of Plate Tectonics". Plate Tectonics is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. According to this theory, the Earth's crust (upper part) is made up of seven major and some minor lithospheric plates. Stresses within the plates and the continental rocks above resulted in the movement of the plates. This movement of the plates leads to folding, faulting and volcanic activity.

The movement of the plates is classified into three types :

1. When two plates move towards each other, they form a convergent boundary.
2. When two plates move away from each other, they form a divergent boundary.
3. When two plates move horizontally past each other, they form a transform boundary.

When two plates collide, they may break into small pieces, slide one under the other or move horizontally. This movement of plates causes earthquakes at the places where the plates meet.

Movements of these plates have changed the position and size of the continents over millions of years. They have led to the evolution of the present Landform features of lndia. Most volcanoes and earthquakes in the world are located at Plate margins, but some do occur within the plates.

World : Plate Margins :

1. Destructive plate boundary
2. Constructive plate boundary
3. Uncertain plate boundary
4. Direction of plate movement.

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