Question

Explain the terms: covalent bond and co-ordinate bond.

Answer 1

A coordinate bond is basically a covalent bond where both electrons come from the same atom. On the other hand a covalent bond is one where both the atoms share a pair of electrons (single covalent bond). The atoms are held together due to the attraction between their nuclei. In a Covalent bond its a teamed effort as electrons comes from both atoms. In a dative bond its more like a handicap situation where one atom donated both electrons to the injured atom. 

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Answer 2

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here is your answer

CO ordinate covalent bond :

» It is a special type of covalent bond in this bond an electron pair is shared by the two atoms but the shared electron pair is contributed by only one of the two atoms

»After sharing it becomes common property of both the atoms

»The atom which contributes the electron pair is called donor and the atom which accepts the electron pair for sharing is called acceptor

» The donar atom must have one or two lone pairs of electrons while the acceptor atom is short of two electrons to get it's octet

» It is represented by an arrow mark from donor to acceptor

eg: Formation of the ammonia ion

» In NH3 nitrogen has a lone pair of electrons and H+ has vacant orbital. So NH3 donates lone pair of electrons to H+ ion and forms NH4+ ion

Properties :

These compounds dissolves in non polar solvents like benzene CCl4

These compounds do not conduct electricity

Covalent bond :

» The bond formed between two atoms by equal contribution of electrons and mutual sharing of electron pair is called covalent bond