Explain the terms : heredity, allele, factor, gene, genotype, linkage.
Answers
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heredity:- heredity is a process by which transmission of genetically based characteristics are transmitted from parents to offspring.
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Allele:- the alternative form of gene occupying same position on homologous chromosomes and affecting the same characteristic but in two alternative ways.
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Factors:- physical,discrete,definite, stable bodies that carry characters from parents to offspring.
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Gene:- a small segment of chromosome that helps in the transmission of one character from parents to offspring.
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Genotype:- genetic constitution for any trait of an individual.
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linkage:- the tendency of groups of genes on the same chromosome to be inherited together.
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The terms are explained as:
Heredity – The passing of physical and mental characteristics from a generation to another genetically
Allele – One of two or even more alternative gene forms because of mutation and occur at the same place on a chromosome
Factor – Something that plays a vital role in producing a result
Gene – A sequence of nucleotides that are a part of a chromosome
Genotype – The genetic constitution of a single organism
Linkage – State of being linked when two genes on the same chromosome are close to each other